Common Clownfish

The common clownfish, also known as the false clown anemonefish, is one of the most recognisable fish in the ocean. It’s famous for its bold orange body, white bands, and striking black outlines.

It inhabits warm, shallow reefs and lagoons throughout the Indo-Pacific, including the waters of northern Australia. These fish are closely associated with sea anemones, forming a symbiotic relationship where both species benefit. The clownfish gains protection among the anemone’s stinging tentacles, while the anemone gets cleaned and aerated by the clownfish’s movements.

Clownfish live in small social groups dominated by a single breeding pair. Interestingly, their social hierarchy is based on size, with the largest fish being the female. If the dominant female dies, the next largest male changes sex to take her place - a rare but natural phenomenon called sequential hermaphroditism.

The eggs are laid on flat surfaces near their host anemone, and males take the lead in guarding and aerating the eggs until they hatch. Clownfish are fiercely territorial and will defend their anemone home from intruders despite their small size.

Due to their popularity in the aquarium trade and their role in marine ecosystems, clownfish are now part of sustainable captive breeding programs around the world, reducing pressure on wild populations.